He shall call to the heavens from above, and to the earth, that he may judge his people.
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Augustine of Hippo
AD 430
11. Since then it is evident, that many are to judge with the Lord, but that others are to be judged, not however on equality, but according to their deserts; He will come with all His Angels, when before Him shall be gathered all nations, and among all the Angels are to be reckoned those that have been made so perfect, that sitting upon twelve thrones they judge the twelve tribes of Israel. For men are called Angels: the Apostle saith of himself, "As an angel of God ye received me." Of John Baptist it is said, "Behold, I send My Angel before Thy face, that shall prepare Thy way before Thee." Therefore, coming with all Angels, together with Him He shall have the Saints also. For plainly saith Isaias also, "He shall come to judgment with the elders of the people." Those "elders of the people," then, those but now named Angels, those thousands of many men made perfect coming from the whole world, are called Heaven. But the others are called earth, yet fruitful. Which is the earth that is...
Earth. As if they were animated, Deuteronomy iv. 26., and xxxii. 1., Isaias i. 2., and Jeremias ii. 12.
Some understand the angels and apostles by heaven. (Calmet)
Judge. Literally, "to divide "discernere, (Haydock) the goats from the sheep, Matthew xxv. 32. (Calmet) (Menochius)
The whole earth, particularly the elect, will approve of God's decree, 1 Corinthians vi. 2.
