Thus says the Lord GOD; Because Edom has dealt against the house of Judah by taking vengeance, and has greatly offended, and revenged itself upon them;
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George Leo Haydock
AD 1849
Revenge; exhorting the Chaldeans to destroy utterly, (Psalm cxxxvi. 7.) and seizing every opportunity of injuring the Jews, 2 Paralipomenon xxviii. 18., and Amos i. 11.