Mark 4:34

But without a parable he spoke not unto them: and when they were alone, he expounded all things to his disciples.
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Bede

AD 735
Again, the man who sows is by many taken to mean the Saviour Himself, by others, man himself sowing in his own heart.

Clement Of Rome

AD 99
And Peter said: "We remember that our Lord and Teacher, commanding us, said, `Keep the mysteries for me and the sons of my house.' Wherefore also He explained to His disciples privately the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven.

Glossa Ordinaria

AD 1480
After having narrated the parable concerning the coming forth of the fruit from the seed of the Gospel, he here subjoins another parable, to show the excellence of the doctrine of the Gospel before all other doctrines. Wherefore it is said, “And He said, Whereunto shall we liken the kingdom of God?”

Jerome

AD 420
Or else, that seed is very small in fear, but great when it has grown into charity, which is greater than all herbs: for “God is love,” But the boughs which it puts forth are those of mercy and compassion, since under its shade the poor of Christ, who are meant by the living creatures of the heavens, delight to dwell. For they were worthy to hear mysteries apart, in the most secret haunt of wisdom, for they were men, who, removed from the crowds of evil thoughts, remained in the solitude of virtue; and wisdom is received in a time of quiet.

John Chrysostom

AD 407
And also because the wisdom spoken amongst the perfect expands, to an extent greater than all other sayings, that which was told to men in short discourses, for there is nothing greater than this truth. Then after this, Mark, who delights in brevity, to show the nature of the parables, subjoins, “And with many such parables spake He the word unto them as they could hear Him.”

Tertullian of Carthage

AD 220
Christ Jesus our Lord clearly declared himself as to who he was while he lived on earth…. Who then of sound mind can possibly suppose that those whom the Lord ordained to be leaders and teachers were ignorant of anything essential to salvation? Who could suppose that he who kept them, as he did, so close to himself in their daily attentiveness, in their discipline, in their companionship, to whom, when they were alone, he used to expound all things which were obscure, telling them that “to them it was given to know those mysteries,” which it was not permitted the people to understand—now would he leave them ignorant? Prescription Against Heretics ,

Tertullian of Carthage

AD 220
Soever He is the Son, of what substance soever He is man and God, of what faith soever He is the, teacher, of what reward soever He is the Promiser, did, whilst He lived on earth, Himself declare what He was, what He had been, what the Father's will was which He was administering, what the duty of man was which He was prescribing; (and this declaration He made, ) either openly to the people, or privately to His disciples, of whom He had chosen the twelve chief ones to be at His side. keeping them, as He did, inseparable (from Himself) in their attendance, in their discipleship, in their society, to whom, "when they were alone, He used to expound "all things

Theophylact of Ochrid

AD 1107
Most brief indeed is the word of faith; Believe in God, and thou shalt be saved. But the preaching of it hasbeen spread far and wide over the earth, and increased so, that the birds of heaven, that is, contemplative men, sublime in understanding and knowledge, dwell under it. For how many wise men among the Gentiles, quitting their wisdom, have found rest in the preaching of the Gospel! Its preaching then is greater than all. Again, it put forth great boughs, for the Apostles were divided off as the boughs of a tree, some to Rome, some to India, some to other parts of the world. For since the multitude was unlearned, He instructs them from objects of food and familiar names, and for this reason he adds, “But without a parable spake He not unto them,” that is, in order that they might be induced to approach and to ask Him.

Knowing this first, that no prophecy of the scripture is of any private interpretation - 2 Peter 1:20

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